Identification of fabric components

An easy way to identify the composition of a fabric is the combustion method. The method is to draw a cloth containing warp and weft yarn at the seam edge of the garment, ignite it with fire, observe the state of the burning flame, smell the smell after burning the cloth, and see the remaining matter after burning, thereby judging Whether it matches the fabric component marked on the durability label of the garment to distinguish the authenticity of the fabric component.

First, cotton fiber and hemp fiber

Both cotton fiber and hemp fiber are burning near the flame, burning rapidly, the flame is yellow, and blue smoke is emitted. The difference between the two smells of burning and the ash after burning is that the cotton burns to emit a paper smell, and the hemp burns to give off the ash smell of grass; after burning, the cotton has very little powder ash, which is black or gray, and the hemp produces a small amount of grayish white powder ash.

Second, wool fiber and silk

When the hair meets the fire and smokes, it foams when burning, and the burning speed is slow. It emits the burnt smell of burnt hair. After burning, the ash is mostly shiny black spherical particles, and the fingers are crushed. The silk huddled in a fire, and the burning speed was slower, accompanied by a squeaking sound, which gave off the burning smell of the hair. After burning, it formed a dark brown globular ash, and the handcuffs were broken.

Third, nylon and polyester

The polyamide fiber of the scientific name of the nylon is rapidly curled and melted into a white gel. It melts and blisters in the flame, and there is no flame when burned. It is difficult to continue burning after leaving the flame, and the celery flavor is emitted. After cooling, the light brown melts. Things are not easy to break. Polyester fiber name is easy to ignite, and it is melted near the flame. When burning, it emits black smoke when it melts. It has a yellow flame and emits an aromatic odor. After burning, the ash is a dark brown block and can be broken with fingers.

Fourth, acrylic and polypropylene

Acrylic fiber name polyacrylonitrile fiber, near fire softening and melting, black smoke after the fire, the flame is white, burning quickly after the flame, emitting the bitter smell of the fire meat, after burning the ash is irregular black lumps, handcuffs are brittle . Polypropylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, near the flame is melted, flammable, burning slowly from the fire and black smoke, the upper end of the flame is yellow, the lower end is blue, emitting oily smell, after burning, the ash is hard round light yellow brown granules, hand 捻 easy broken.

V. Vinyl and polyvinyl chloride

The name of vinylon is not easy to ignite, the near flame melts and shrinks, and there is a little flame at the top when burning. When the fiber melts into a gelatinous flame, it has a thick black smoke, a bitter smell, and black after burning. Bead-like particles that can be crushed with your fingers. Polyvinyl chloride fiber, difficult to burn, is extinguished from the fire, the flame is yellow, the lower end of the green white smoke, the pungent pungent smell of spicy and sour, after burning, the ash is dark brown irregular lumps, the fingers are not easy to smash.

Sixth, spandex and fluorocarbon

Polyurethane, the name of spandex fiber, burns near the edge of the fire. When burning, the flame is blue. It leaves the fire and continues to melt, giving off a special irritating odor. After burning, the ash is soft and fluffy black ash. Fluorine fiber PTFE fiber, ISO organization called it fluorite fiber, near flame only melt, difficult to ignite, not burning, edge flame is blue-green carbonization, melting and decomposition, gas is toxic, the melt is hard round black Beads. Fluorinated fibers are commonly used in the textile industry to make high performance sewing threads.

7. Viscose fiber and copper ammonium fiber

Viscose fiber is flammable, burning speed is fast, the flame is yellow, and the smell of burning paper is emitted. After burning, the ash is less, and it is smooth and twisted with light gray or grayish white powder. The common name of copper ammonium fiber is tiger kapok, which burns near the flame. It burns fast, the flame is yellow, and it smells sour. After burning, there is very little ash, only a small amount of grayish black ash.